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CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY depo-subQ provera 104 (medroxyprogesterone acetate injectable suspension), when administered at 104 mg/0.65 mL to women every 3 months (12 to 14 weeks), inhibits the secretion of gonadotropins, which prevents follicular maturation and ovulation and causes endometrial thinning. These actions produce its contraceptive effect. Supression of serum estradiol concentrations and a possible direct action of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 on the lesions of endometriosis are likely to be responsible for the therapeutic effect on endometriosis-associated pain. Pharmacokinetics The pharmacokinetic parameters of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) following a single SC injection of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 are shown in Table 1 and Figure 1. Table 1 : Pharmacokinetic Parameters of MPA after a Single SC Injection of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 in Healthy Women (n = 42) Cmax (ng/mL) Tmax (day) C91 (ng/mL) AUC0–91 (ng•day/mL) AUC0–∞ (ng•day/mL) t½ (day) Mean 1.56 8.8 0.402 66.98 92.84 43 Min 0.53 2.0 0.133 20.63 31.36 16 Max 3.08 80.0 0.733 139.79 162.29 114 Cmax = peak serum concentration; Tmax = time when Cmax is observed; C91 = serum concentration at 91 days; AUC0–91 and AUC0–∞ = area under the concentration-time curve over 91 days or infinity, respectively; t½ = terminal half-life Absorption Following a single SC injection of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104, serum MPA concentrations reach ≥ 0.2 ng/mL within 24 hours. The mean Tmax is attained approximately 1 week after injection. Figure 1 : Mean (SD) Serum Concentration-Time Profile of MPA after a Single Injection of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 to Healthy Women In a study to assess accumulation and the achievement of steady state following multiple SC administrations, trough concentrations of MPA were determined after 6, 12, and 24 months, and in a subset of 8 subjects, bi-weekly concentrations were determined within one dosing interval in the second year of administration. The mean (SD) MPA trough concentrations were 0.67 (0.36) ng/mL (n=157), 0.79 (0.36) ng/mL (n=144), and 0.87 (0.33) ng/mL (n=106) at 6, 12 and 24 months, respectively. Effect of Injection Site depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 was administered into the anterior thigh or the abdomen to evaluate effects on the MPA concentration-time profile. MPA trough concentrations (Cmin; Day 91) were similar for the two injection locations. Distribution Plasma protein binding of MPA averages 86%. MPA binding occurs primarily to serum albumin. No binding of MPA occurs with sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Metabolism MPA is extensively metabolized in the liver by P450 enzymes. Its metabolism primarily involves ring A and/or side-chain reduction, loss of the acetyl group, hydroxylation in the 2-, 6-, and 21-positions or a combination of these positions, resulting in more than 10 metabolites. Excretion Residual MPA concentrations at the end of the first dosing interval (12 to 14 weeks) of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 are generally below 0.5 ng/mL, consistent with its apparent terminal half-life of ~40 days after SC administration. Most MPA metabolites are excreted in the urine as glucuronide conjugates with only small amounts excreted as sulfates. Linearity/Non-Linearity Following a single SC administration of doses ranging from 50 to 150 mg, the AUC and Cmin (Day 91) increased with higher doses of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104, but there was considerable overlap across dose levels. Serum MPA concentrations at Day 91 increased in a dose proportional manner but Cmax did not appear to increase proportionally with increasing dose. The AUC data were suggestive of dose linearity. Special Populations Race There were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of MPA after SC administration of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 in African-American and Caucasian women. The pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 were evaluated in Asian women in a separate study and also found to be similar to African-American and Caucasian women. Effect of Body Weight Although total MPA exposure was lower in obese women, no dosage adjustment of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 is necessary based on body weight. The effect of body weight on the pharmacokinetics of MPA following a single dose was assessed in a subset of women (n = 42, body mass index [BMI] ranged from 18.2 to 46.7 kg/m²). The AUC0–91 values for MPA were 71.6, 67.9, and 46.3 ng·day/mL in women with BMI categories of ≤ 28 kg/m², > 28–38 kg/m², and > 38 kg/m², respectively. The mean MPA Cmax was 1.74 ng/mL in women with BMI ≤ 28 kg/m², 1.53 ng/mL in women with BMI > 28–38 kg/m², and 1.02 ng/mL in women with BMI > 38 kg/m², respectively. The MPA trough (Cmin) concentrations had a tendency to be lower in women with BMI > 38 kg/m². Hepatic Insufficiency No clinical studies have evaluated the effect of hepatic disease on the disposition of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104. However, steroid hormones may be poorly metabolized in patients with severe liver dysfunction (see CONTRAINDICATIONS). Renal Insufficiency No clinical studies have evaluated the effect of renal disease on the pharmacokinetics of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104. Drug-Drug Interactions See PRECAUTIONS.

Find Lowest Prices on Depo-SubQ Provera 104™ (medroxyprogesterone acetate) Injectable Suspension 104 mg/0.65 mL Women who use depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 may lose significant bone mineral density. Bone loss is greater with increasing duration of use and may not be completely reversible. It is unknown if use of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 during adolescence or early adulthood, a critical period of bone accretion, will reduce peak bone mass and increase the risk for osteoporotic fracture in later life. depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 should be used long-term (e.g., longer than 2 years) only if other methods of birth control are inadequate (see WARNINGS). Patients should be counseled that this product does not protect against HIV infection (AIDS) and other sexually transmitted diseases. DESCRIPTION depo-subQ provera 104 contains medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), a derivative of progesterone, as its active ingredient. Medroxyprogesterone acetate is active by the parenteral and oral routes of administration. It is a white to off-white, odorless crystalline powder that is stable in air and that melts between 205°and 209°C. It is freely soluble in chloroform, soluble in acetone and dioxane, sparingly soluble in alcohol and methanol, slightly soluble in ether, and insoluble in water. The chemical name for medroxyprogesterone acetate is 17-hydroxy-6α-methylpregn-4ene-3,20-dione 17-acetate. The structural formula is as follows: depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 for subcutaneous (SC) injection is available in pre-filled syringes (160 mg/mL), each containing 0.65 mL (104 mg) of medroxyprogesterone acetate sterile aqueous suspension. Each 0.65 mL contains: Medroxyprogesterone acetate 104 mg Methylparaben 1.040 mg Propylparaben 0.098 mg Sodium Chloride 5.200 mg Polyethylene Glycol 18.688 mg Polysorbate 80 1.950 mg Monobasic Sodium Phosphate. H2O 0.451 mg Dibasic Sodium Phosphate . 12H2O 0.382 mg Methionine 0.975 mg Povidone 3.250 mg Water for Injection qs When necessary, the pH is adjusted with sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, or both.

INDICATIONS depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 is indicated for the prevention of pregnancy in women of child bearing potential. depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 also is indicated for management of endometriosis-associated pain. In considering use for either indication, the loss of bone mineral density (BMD) in women of all ages and the impact on peak bone mass in adolescents should be considered, along with the decrease in BMD that occurs during pregnancy and/or lactation, in the risk/benefit assessment for women who use depo-subQ provera 104 long-term (see WARNINGS). Contraception Studies In three clinical studies, no pregnancies were detected among 2,042 women using deposubQ provera 104 for up to 1 year. The Pearl Index pregnancy rate in women who were less than 36 years old at baseline, based on cycles in which they used no other contraceptive methods, was 0 pregnancies per 100 women-years of use (upper 95% confidence interval = 0.25). Pregnancy rates for various contraceptive methods are typically reported for only the first year of use and are shown in Table 2. Table 2 : Percentage of Women Experiencing an Unintended Pregnancy During the First Year of Typical Use and the First Year of Perfect Use of Contraception and the Percentage Continuing Use at the End of the First Year: United States Method % of Women Experiencing an Unintended Pregnancy within the First Year of Use % of Women Continuing Use at 1 Year 3 Typical Use1 Perfect Use2 Chance4 85 85 Spermicides5 26 6 40 Periodic Abstinence 25 63 Calendar 9 Ovulation Method 3 Symptothermal6 2 Post-ovulation 1 Cap7 Parous Women 40 26 42 Nulliparous Women 20 9 56 Sponge Parous Women 40 20 42 Nulliparous Women 20 9 56 Diaphragm7 20 6 56 Withdrawal 19 4 Condom8 Female (Reality) 21 5 56 Male 14 3 61 Pill 5 71 Progestin only 0.5 Combined 0.1 IUD Progesterone T 2.0 1.5 81 Copper T 380A 0.8 0.6 78 LNg 20 0.1 0.1 81 Depo-Provera IM 150 mg 0.3 0.3 70 Norplant and Norplant-2 0.05 0.05 88 Female Sterilization 0.5 0.5 100 Male Sterilization 0.15 0.10 100 Emergency Contraceptive Pills: Treatment initiated within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse reduces the risk of pregnancy by at least 75%.9 Lactational Amenorrhea Method: LAM is a highly effective, temporary method of contraception.10 Source: Hatcher et al., 1998. 1 Among typical couples who initiate use of a method (not necessarily for the first time), the percentage who experience an accidental pregnancy during the first year if they do not stop use for any other reason. 2 Among couples who initiate use of a method (not necessarily for the first time) and who use it perfectly (both consistently and correctly), the percentage who experience an accidental pregnancy during the first year if they do not stop use for any other reason. 3 Among couples attempting to avoid pregnancy, the percentage who continue to use a method for 1 year. 4 The percentages becoming pregnant in columns (2) and (3) are based on data from populations where contraception is not used and from women who cease using contraception in order to become pregnant. Among such populations, about 89% become pregnant within 1 year. This estimate was lowered slightly (to 85%) to represent the percentages who would become pregnant within 1 year among women now relying on reversible methods of contraception if they abandoned contraception altogether. 5 Foams, creams, gels, vaginal suppositories, and vaginal film. 6Cervical mucus (ovulation) method supplemented by calendar in the pre-ovulatory and basal body temperature in the post-ovulatory phases. 7 With spermicidal cream or jelly. 8 Without spermicides. 9 The treatment schedule is one dose within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse, and a second dose 12 hours after the first dose. The Food and Drug Administration has declared the following brands of oral contraceptives to be safe and effective for emergency contraception: Ovral (1 dose is 2 white pills), Alesse (1 dose is 5 pink pills), Nordette or Levlen (1 dose is 4 light-orange pills), Lo/Ovral (1 dose is 4 white pills), Triphasil or Tri-Levlen (1 dose is 4 yellow pills). 10 However, to maintain effective protection against pregnancy, another method of contraception must be used as soon as menstruation resumes, the frequency or duration of breastfeeds is reduced, bottle feeds are introduced, or the baby reaches 6 months of age. Endometriosis Studies The efficacy of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 in the reduction of endometriosis-associated pain in women with the signs and symptoms of endometriosis was demonstrated in two active comparator-controlled studies. Each study assessed reduction in endometriosis-associated pain over 6 months of treatment and recurrence of symptoms for 12-months post treatment. Subjects treated with depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 for 6 months received a 104 mg dose every 3 months (2 injections), while women treated with leuprolide microspheres for 6 months received a dose of 11.25 mg every 3 months (2 injections) or 3.75 mg every month (6 injections). Study 268 was conducted in the U.S. and Canada and enrolled 274 subjects (136 on depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 and 138 on leuprolide). Study 270 was conducted in South America, Europe and Asia, and enrolled 299 subjects (153 on deposubQ provera 104 and 146 on leuprolide). Reduction in pain was evaluated using a modified Biberoglu and Behrman scale that consisted of three patient-reported symptoms (dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and pelvic pain not related to menses) and two signs assessed during pelvic examination (pelvic tenderness and induration). For each category, a favorable response was defined as improvement of at least 1 unit (severity was assessed on a scale of 0 to 3) relative to baseline score (Figure 2). Figure 2 : Percentages of Responders at End of Treatment (Month 6 or Last Assessment if Earlier) in Studies 268 & 270 Favorable Response = reduction in severity of symptom or sign of ≥ 1 point on a scale of 0 to 3, as compared to baseline Additionally, scores from each of the five categories were combined, with the total (composite score) considered a global measurement of overall disease improvement. For subjects with baseline scores for each of the 5 categories, a mean decrease of 4 points relative to baseline was considered a clinically meaningful improvement. Across both studies, for both treatment groups, the mean changes in the composite score met the protocol-defined criterion for improvement. In the clinical trials, treatment with depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 was limited to six months. Data on the persistence of benefit with longer treatment are not available. Subjects recorded daily the occurrence and severity of hot flushes. Of the depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 users, 28.6% reported experiencing moderate or severe hot flushes at baseline, 36.2% at month 3, and 26.7% at month 6. Of the leuprolide users, 32.8% reported experiencing moderate or severe hot flushes at baseline, 74.2% at month 3, and 68.5% at month 6. DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Contraception And Endometriosis Indications Route of Administration depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 must be given by subcutaneous injection into the anterior thigh or abdomen, once every 3 months (12 to 14 weeks). depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 is not formulated for intramuscular injection. Dosage does not need to be adjusted for body weight. The pre-filled syringe of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 must be vigorously shaken just before use to create a uniform suspension. First Injection Ensure that the patient is not pregnant at the time of the first injection. For women who are sexually active and having regular menses, the first injection should be given only during the first 5 days of a normal menstrual period. Women who are breast-feeding may have their first injection during or after their sixth postpartum week. Second and Subsequent Injections Dosing is every 12 to 14 weeks. If more than 14 weeks elapse between injections, pregnancy should be ruled out before the next injection. If Using For Contraception And Switching From Another Method When switching from other contraceptive methods, depo-subQ provera 104 should be given in a manner that ensures continuous contraceptive coverage. For example, patients switching from combined (estrogen plus progestin) contraceptives should have their first injection of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 within 7 days after the last day of using that method (7 days after taking the last active pill, removing the patch or ring). Similarly, contraceptive coverage will be maintained in switching from Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) to depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104, provided the next injection is given within the prescribed dosing period for Depo-Provera CI (150 mg). If Using For Treatment Of Endometriosis Treatment for longer than two years is not recommended, due to the impact of long-term depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 on bone mineral density. If symptoms return after discontinuation of treatment, bone mineral density should be evaluated prior to retreatment. Instructions for Use of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 FOR SUBCUTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION ONLY. Please read these instructions carefully. It is very important that the entire dose of deposubQ provera 104 is given. Getting ready Ensure that the medication is at room temperature. Make sure the following components are available. depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104, as with other parenteral drug products, should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. Step 1: Choosing & preparing Choose the injection area. Avoid boney areas and the umbilicus The upper thigh & abdomen are preferred injection sites. See shaded areas in diagram Use an alcohol pad to wipe the skin in the injection area you have chosen. Allow the skin to dry Preferred injection areas: Step 2: Syringe preparation Carefully remove the needle and syringe from the packaging. Hold the syringe firmly by the barrel, with the barrel pointing upward. Shake it forcefully for at least 1 minute to thoroughly mix the medication Hold the syringe barrel firmly. Unscrew the protective cap from the tip of the syringe barrel Hold the syringe barrel firmly. Attach the needle to the barrel of the syringe by pushing down firmly with a slight twist Move the safety shield away from the needle and toward the syringe barrel. The safety shield will remain in an open 45 to 90 degree position While holding the syringe barrel firmly, remove the plastic cover from the needle without twisting, ensuring the needle is still firmly attached to the syringe While holding the syringe with the needle pointing upward, gently push in the plunger until the medicine is up to the top of the syringe. There should be no air within the barrel Step 3: Injecting the dose Gently grasp and squeeze a large area of skin in the chosen injection area between the thumb and forefinger, pulling it away from the body. Insert the needle at a 45 degree angle so that most of the needle is in the fatty tissue. The plastic hub of the needle should be nearly or almost touching the skin Inject the medication slowly until the syringe is empty. It is important that the entire dose of deposubQ provera 104 is given This should take about 5–7 seconds Step 4: Disposing the needle and syringe After completing the injection, remove the needle from the skin and activate the safety shield. Position shield about 40°- 45°. With a firm quick motion, press down against a flat surface until a click is heard or felt. If uncertain that the safety shield is fully engaged, repeat this step. Use a clean cotton pad to press lightly on the injection area for a few seconds. Do NOT rub the area Following the administration of each dose, the used syringe should be discarded in a safe and proper manner. Keep away from children. HOW SUPPLIED depo-subQ provera 104 for subcutaneous use (medroxyprogesterone acetate injectable suspension 104 mg/0.65 mL) is available as a pre-filled syringe, packaged with a 26gauge x 3/8 inch Terumo® Surguard™ needle in the following presentation: NDC 0009-4709-13 0.65 mL single-use, disposable syringe Store at controlled room temperature 20°to 25°C (68°to 77°F) [see USP]. Distributed By: Pharmacia & Upjohn Company, Division of Pfizer Inc, NY, NY 10017. Revised June 2009.

PATIENT INFORMATION NO INFORMATION PROVIDED

SIDE EFFECTS In five clinical studies of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 involving 2,325 women (282 treated for up to 6 months, 1,780 treated for up to 1 year and 263 treated for up to 2 years), 9% of women discontinued treatment for adverse reactions. Among these 212 women, the most common reasons for discontinuation were: Uterine bleeding irregularities (35%, n=75) Increased weight (18%, n=39) Decreased libido (11%, n=23) Acne (10%, n=21) Injection site reactions (6%, n=12) Adverse reactions reported by 5% or more of all women in these clinical trials included: Headache (9%) Intermenstrual bleeding (7%) Increased weight (6%) Amenorrhea (6%) Injection site reactions (5%) Adverse reactions reported by 1% to < 5% of all women in these clinical trials included: General disorders: fatigue, injection site pain Gastrointestinal disorders: abdominal distention, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea Infections: bronchitis, influenza, nasopharyngitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, upper respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, vaginal candidiasis, vaginitis, vaginitis bacterial Investigations: abnormal cervix smear Musculoskeletal, connective tissue, and bone disorders: arthralgia, back pain, limb pain Nervous system disorders: dizziness, insomnia Psychiatric disorders: anxiety, depression, irritability, decreased libido Reproductive system and breast disorders: breast pain, breast tenderness, menometrorrhagia, menorrhagia, menstruation irregular, uterine hemorrhage, vaginal hemorrhage Skin disorders: acne Vascular disorders: hot flushes Postmarketing Experience There have been rare cases of osteoporosis including osteoporotic fractures reported postmarketing in patients taking DEPO-PROVERA Contraceptive Injection. In addition, infrequent voluntary reports of anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reaction have been received associated with use of Depo-Provera CI (150 mg). The following additional reactions have been reported with Depo-Provera Contraceptive Injection and may occur with use of depo-subQ provera 104: General disorders: asthenia, axillary swelling, chills, chest pain, fever, excessive thirst Blood and lymphatic system disorders: anemia, blood dyscrasia Cardiac disorders: tachycardia Gastrointestinal disorders: gastrointestinal disturbances, rectal bleeding Hepato-biliary disorders: jaundice Immune system disorders: allergic reaction Infections:genitourinary infections Investigations: decreased glucose tolerance Musculoskeletal, connective tissue, and bone disorders: loss of bone mineral density, scleroderma Neoplasms: breast cancer, cervical cancer Nervous system disorders: convulsions, facial palsy, fainting, paralysis, paresthesia, somnolence Psychiatric disorders: increased libido, nervousness Reproductive system and breast disorders: breast lumps, galactorrhea, nipple discharge or bleeding, oligomenorrhea, prevention of lactation, prolonged anovulation, unexpected pregnancy, uterine hyperplasia, vaginal cyst Respiratory disorders: asthma, dyspnea, hoarseness Skin disorders: angioedema, dry skin, increased body odor, melasma, pruritus, urticaria Vascular disorders: deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolus, thrombophlebitis DRUG INTERACTIONS No drug-drug interaction studies have been conducted with depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104. Aminoglutethimide administered concomitantly with depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 may significantly decrease the serum concentrations of MPA.

WARNINGS Loss of Bone Mineral Density Use of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 reduces serum estrogen levels and is associated with significant loss of bone mineral density (BMD) as bone metabolism accommodates to a lower estrogen level. This loss of BMD is of particular concern during adolescence and early adulthood, a critical period of bone accretion. It is unknown if use of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 by younger women will reduce peak bone mass and increase the risk for osteoporotic fracture in later life. In both adults and adolescents, the decrease in BMD appears to be at least partially reversible after depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 is discontinued and ovarian estrogen production increases. A study to assess the reversibility of loss of BMD in adolescents is ongoing. depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 should be used long-term (e.g., longer than 2 years) only if other methods of birth control are inadequate. BMD should be evaluated when a woman needs to use depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 long-term. In adolescents, interpretation of BMD results should take into account patient age and skeletal maturity. Other treatments should be considered in the risk/benefit analysis for the use of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 in women with osteoporosis risk factors. depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 can pose an additional risk in patients with risk factors for osteoporosis (e.g., metabolic bone disease, chronic alcohol and/or tobacco use, anorexia nervosa, strong family history of osteoporosis or chronic use of drugs that can reduce bone mass such as anticonvulsants or corticosteroids). Although there are no studies addressing whether calcium and Vitamin D lessen BMD loss in women using depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104, all patients should have adequate calcium and Vitamin D intake. BMD Changes in Adult Women after Long-Term Treatment for Contraception A study comparing changes in BMD in women using depo-subQ provera 104 with women using Depo-Provera Contraceptive Injection (Depo-Provera CI, 150 mg) showed no significant differences in BMD loss between the two groups after two years of treatment. Mean percent changes in BMD in the depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 group are listed in Table 3. Table 3 : Mean Percent Change from Baseline in BMD in Women Using depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 Time on Treatment Lumbar Spine Total Hip Femoral Neck N Mean % Change (95% CI) N Mean % Change (95% CI) N Mean % Change (95% CI) 1 year 166 -2.7 166 -1.7 166 -1.9 (-3.1 to -2.3) (-2.1 to -1.3) (-2.5 to -1.4) 2 year 106 - 4.1 106 -3.5 106 -3.5 (-4.6 to -3.5) (-4.2 to -2.7) (-4.3 to -2.6) In another controlled clinical study, adult women using Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) for up to 5 years showed spine and hip BMD mean decreases of 5–6%, compared to no significant change in BMD in the control group. The decline in BMD was more pronounced during the first two years of use, with smaller declines in subsequent years. Mean changes in lumbar spine BMD of –2.86%, -4.11%, -4.89%, -4.93% and –5.38% after 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years, respectively, were observed. Mean decreases in BMD of the total hip and femoral neck were similar. After stopping use of Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) there was partial recovery of BMD toward baseline values during the 2-year post-therapy period. Longer duration of treatment was associated with less complete recovery during this 2-year period following the last injection. Table 4 shows the extent of recovery of BMD for women who completed 5 years of treatment. Table 4 : Mean Percent Change from Baseline in BMD in Women Using Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) or in Control Subjects Time in Study Lumbar Spine Total Hip Femoral Neck Depo- Provera CI (150 mg)* Control** Depo- Provera CI (150 mg)* Control** Depo- Provera CI (150 mg)* Control** 5 years n=33 n=105 n=21 n=65 n=34 n=106 -5.38% 0.43% -5.16% 0.19% -6.12% -0.27% 7 years n=12 n=60 n=7 n=39 n=13 n=63 -3.13% 0.53% -1.34% 0.94% -5.38 -0.11% *The treatment group consisted of women who received Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) for 5 years and were then followed for 2 years post-use. **The control group consisted of women who did not use hormonal contraception and were followed for 7 years. BMD Changes in Adolescent Females (12–18 years) after Long-Term Treatment for Contraception Preliminary results from an ongoing, open-label, self-selected, non-randomized clinical study of adolescent females (12–18 years) also showed that Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) use was associated with a significant decline in BMD from baseline (Table 5). In general, adolescents increase bone density during the period of growth following menarche, as seen in the untreated cohort. However, the two cohorts were not matched at baseline for age, gynecologic age, race, BMD and other factors that influence the rate of acquisition of bone mineral density, with the result that they differed with respect to these demographic factors. Preliminary data from the small number of adolescents participating in the 2-year post-use observation period demonstrated partial recovery of BMD. Table 5 : Mean Percent Change from Baseline in BMD in Adolescents Using Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) and in Unmatched, Untreated Control Cohort Studies Duration of Treatment Or Observation Period LumbarSpine Total Hip Femoral Neck Depo-ProveraCI (150 mg) Control (Unmatched/ Untreated) Depo-ProveraCI (150 mg) Control (Unmatched/ Untreated) Depo-ProveraCI (150 mg) Control (Unmatched/ Untreated) N Mean % change N Mean % change N Mean % change N Mean % change N Mean % change N Mean % change Week 60 (1.2 yrs) 104 -2.42 171 3.47 103 -2.82 171 1.32 103 -3.05 171 1.87 Week 144 (2.8 yrs) 46 -2.78 111 5.41 45 -6.16 111 1.74 45 -6.01 111 2.54 Week 240 (4.6 yrs) 9 -4.17 70 5.12 9 -6.92 69 1.12 9 -6.06 69 1.45 BMD Changes in Adult Women after Six Months of Treatment for Endometriosis In two clinical studies of 573 adult women with endometriosis, the BMD effects of 6 months of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 treatment were compared to 6 months of leuprolide treatment. Subjects were then observed, off therapy, for an additional 12 months (Table 6). Table 6 : Mean Percent Change from Baseline in BMD after 6 Months on Therapy with depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 or Leuprolide and 6 and 12 Months after Stopping Therapy (Studies 268 and 270 Combined) Time of Measurement LumbarSpine TotalHip depo-sub Qprovera104 Leuprolide depo-sub Qprovera104 Leuprolide N Mean % change N Mean % change N Mean % change N Mean % change Month 6 of treatment (EOT) 208 -1.20 229 -4.10 207 -0.03 227 -1.83 6 months off treatment 168 -1.06 180 -2.75 169 -0.05 181 -1.59 12 months off treatment 124 -0.54 133 -1.48 125 0.39 134 -1.15 EOT = End of Treatment Bleeding Irregularities Most women using depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 experienced changes in menstrual bleeding patterns, such as amenorrhea, irregular spotting or bleeding, prolonged spotting or bleeding, and heavy bleeding. As women continued using depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104, fewer experienced irregular bleeding and more experienced amenorrhea. If abnormal bleeding is persistent or severe, appropriate investigation and treatment should be instituted. In three contraception trials, 39.0 % of women experienced amenorrhea during month six, and 56.5% experienced amenorrhea during month 12. The changes in menstrual bleeding patterns from the three contraception trials are presented in Figures 3 and 4. Figure 3: Percentages of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 Treated Women with Amenorrhea per 30-Day Month in Contraception Studies (ITT Population, N=2053) N = Number of subjects in analysis for indicated month Figure 4 : Mean (25th, 75th Percentiles) Number of Bleeding and/or Spotting Days in the Subgroup of Women with Bleeding and/or Spotting by Month for Women Treated with depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 in Contraception Studies N = Number of subjects with bleeding and/or spotting during indicated month The changes in menstrual patterns in the two endometriosis trials are presented in Figures 5 and 6. Figure 5 : Percentages of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 Treated Women with Amenorrhea per 30-Day Month in Endometriosis Studies (Combined ITT Population, N=289) N = Number of subjects in analysis for indicated month Figure 6 : Mean (25th, 75th Percentiles) Number of Bleeding and/or Spotting Days in the Subgroup of Women with Bleeding and/or Spotting by Month for Women Treated with depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 in Endometriosis Studies Combined N = Number of subjects with bleeding and / or spotting during indicated month Cancer Risks Long-term, case-controlled surveillance of users of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate IM 150 mg (Depo-Provera CI, 150 mg) found slight or no increased overall risk of breast cancer and no overall increased risk of ovarian, liver, or cervical cancer, and a prolonged, protective effect of reducing the risk of endometrial cancer. A pooled analysisii from two case-control studiesiii iv reported the relative risk (RR) of breast cancer for women who had ever used Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) as 1.1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97 to 1.4). Overall, there was no increase in risk with increasing duration of use of Depo-Provera CI (150 mg). The RR of breast cancer for women of all ages who had initiated use of Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) within the previous 5 years was estimated to be 2.0 (95% CI 1.5 to 2.8). A component of the pooled analysisiii described above, showed an increased RR of 2.19 (95% CI 1.23 to 3.89) of breast cancer associated with use of Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) in women whose first exposure to drug was within the previous 4 years and who were under 35 years of age. However, the overall RR for ever-users of Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) was only 1.21 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.52). [NOTE: The value of 2.19 means that women whose first exposure to drug was within the previous 4 years and who were under 35 years of age had a 2.19-fold (95% CI 1.23 to 3.89-fold) increased risk of breast cancer relative to nonusers. The National Cancer Institutev reports an average annual incidence rate for breast cancer for US women, all races, age 30 to 34 years of 26.7 per 100,000. A RR of 2.19, thus, increases the possible risk from 26.7 to 58.5 cases per 100,000 women. The attributable risk, thus, is 31.8 per 100,000 women per year.] The relative rate of invasive squamous-cell cervical cancer in women who ever used Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) was estimated to be 1.11 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.29). No trends in risk with duration of use or times since initial or most recent exposure were observed. Thromboembolic Disorders Although MPA has not been causally associated with the induction of thrombotic or thromboembolic disorders, there have been rare reports of serious thrombotic events in women using Depo-Provera CI (150 mg). Any patient who develops thrombosis while undergoing therapy with depo-subQ provera 104 should discontinue treatment unless she has no other acceptable options for birth control (see CONTRAINDICATIONS). Ocular Disorders Medication should not be re-administered pending examination if there is a sudden partial or complete loss of vision or if there is a sudden onset of proptosis, diplopia or migraine. If examination reveals papilledema or retinal vascular lesions, medication should not be re-administered. Ectopic Pregnancy Healthcare providers should be alert to the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy among women using depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 who become pregnant or complain of severe abdominal pain. Anaphylaxis and Anaphylactoid Reaction Serious anaphylactic reactions have been infrequently reported in women using Depo-Provera CI (150 mg). If an anaphylactic reaction occurs, appropriate emergency medical treatment should be instituted. PRECAUTIONS Physical Examination It is good medical practice for all women to have annual history and physical examinations, including women using depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104. The physical examination, however, may be deferred until after initiation of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 if requested by the woman and judged appropriate by the clinician. The physical examination should include special reference to blood pressure, breasts, abdomen and pelvic organs, including cervical cytology and relevant laboratory tests. In case of undiagnosed, persistent or recurrent abnormal vaginal bleeding, appropriate measures should be conducted to rule out malignancy. Women with a strong family history of breast cancer or who have breast nodules should be monitored with particular care. Fluid Retention Because progestational drugs may cause some degree of fluid retention, conditions that might be influenced by this condition, such as epilepsy, migraine, asthma, and cardiac or renal dysfunction, require careful observation. Weight Gain Weight gain is a common occurrence in women using depo-subQ provera 104. In three large clinical trials using depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104, the mean weight gain was 3.5 lb in the first year of use. In a small, two-year study comparing depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 to Depo-Provera CI (150 mg), the mean weight gain observed for women using depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 (7.5 lb) was similar to the mean weight gain for women using Depo-Provera CI, 150 mg (7.6 lb). Although there are no data related to weight gain beyond 2 years for depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104, the data on Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) may be relevant. In a clinical study, after five years, 41 women using Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) had a mean weight gain of 11.2 lb, while 114 women using non-hormonal contraception had a mean weight gain of 6.4 lb. Return to Ovulation and Fertility Return to ovulation is likely to be delayed after stopping therapy. Among 15 women who received multiple doses of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104: Median time to ovulation was 10 months after the last injection Earliest return to ovulation was 6 months after the last injection 12 women (80%) ovulated within 1 year of the last injection However, ovulation has occurred as early as 14 weeks after a single dose of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104, and therefore it is important to follow the recommended dosing schedule. Return to fertility also is likely to be delayed after stopping therapy. Among 28 women using depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 for contraception who stopped treatment to become pregnant, 1 became pregnant within 1 year of her last injection. A second woman became pregnant 443 days after her last injection. Seven women were lost to follow-up. Depression Patients with a history of treatment for clinical depression should be carefully monitored while receiving depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104. Injection Site Reactions In 5 clinical studies of depo-subQ provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 104 involving 2,325 women (282 treated for up to 6 months, 1,780 treated for up to 1 year and 263 women treated for up to 2 years), 5% of women reported injection site reactions, and 1% had persistent skin changes, typically described as small areas of induration or atrophy. Carbohydrate/Metabolism Some patients receiving progestins may exhibit a decrease in