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CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Mechanism Of Action DIANEAL is a pharmacologically inactive, hypertonic peritoneal dialysis solution containing dextrose, a monosaccharide, as the primary osmotic agent. An osmotic gradient must be created between the peritoneal membrane and the dialysis solution in order for ultrafiltration to occur. The hypertonic concentration of glucose in DIANEAL exerts an osmotic pressure across the peritoneal membrane resulting in transcapillary ultrafiltration. Like other peritoneal dialysis solutions, DIANEAL contains electrolytes to facilitate the correction of electrolyte abnormalities. DIANEAL contains a buffer, lactate, to help normalize acid-base abnormalities. Pharmacokinetics Absorption Glucose is rapidly absorbed from the peritoneal cavity by diffusion and appears quickly in the circulation due to the high glucose concentration gradient between DIANEAL compared to blood capillary glucose level. Absorption per unit time will be the highest at the start of an exchange and decreases over time. The rate of glucose absorption will be dependent upon the transport characteristics of the patient's peritoneal membrane as determined by a peritoneal equilibration test (PET). Glucose absorption will also depend upon the concentration of glucose used for the exchange and the length of the dwell. Transport of other molecules will be dependent upon the molecular size of the solute, the concentration gradient, and the effective peritoneal surface area as determined by the PET. Metabolism And Elimination Glucose is metabolized by normal cellular pathways (i.e., glycolysis). Metabolism of lactate occurs in the liver and results in the generation of the bicarbonate. Glucose not absorbed during PD exchange procedure is removed by drainage of the PD solution from the peritoneal cavity. Drug Interaction Studies Heparin No human drug interaction studies with heparin were conducted. In vitro studies demonstrated no evidence of incompatibility of heparin with DIANEAL. Antibiotics No formal clinical drug interaction studies have been performed. In vitro studies of the following medications have demonstrated stability with DIANEAL: amphotericin B, ampicillin, cefazolin, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, deferoxamine, erythromycin, gentamicin, linezolid, mezlocillin, miconazole, moxifloxacin, nafcillin, ofloxacin, penicillin G, piperacillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, ticarcillin, tobramycin, and vancomycin. However, aminoglycosides should not be mixed with penicillins due to chemical incompatibility.

DIANEAL (dextrose) Intraperitoneal Solution DESCRIPTION DIANEAL Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions are sterile, nonpyrogenic solutions in flexible containers for intraperitoneal administration only. The peritoneal dialysis solutions contain no bacteriostatic or antimicrobial agents. DIANEAL is a hyperosmolar solution. Table 4 : DIANEAL PD-2 and Low Calcium Peritoneal Dialysis Solution ULTRABAG CONTAINER for CAPD therapy AMBU-FLEX CONTAINER with pull ring for APD therapy Composition/100 mL *Dextrose, Hydrous, USP Sodium Chloride, USP (NaCl) Sodium Lactate (C3H5NaO3) Calcium Chloride, USP (CaCl2•2H2O) Magnesium Chloride, USP (MgCl2•6H2O) DIANEAL PD-2 1.5% Dextrose 15 g 538 mg 448 mg 25.7 mg 5.08 mg DIANEAL PD-2 2.5% Dextrose 2.5 g 538 mg 448 mg 25.7 mg 5.08 mg DIANEAL PD-2 4.25% Dextrose 4.25 g 538 mg 448 mg 25.7 mg 5.08 mg DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 1.5% Dextrose 15 g 538 mg 448 mg 18.3 mg 5.08 mg DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 2.5% Dextrose 2.5 g 538 mg 448 mg 18.3 mg 5.08 mg DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 4.25% Dextrose 4.25 g 538 mg 448 mg 18.3 mg 5.08 mg Table 5 : DIANEAL Low Calcium Peritoneal Dialysis Solution Plastic container with blue pull tip for APD therapy Composition/100 mL *Dextrose, Hydrous, USP Sodium Chloride, USP (NaCl) Sodium Lactate (C3H5NaO3) Calcium Chloride, USP (CaCl2•2H2O) Magnesium Chloride, USP (MgCl2•6H2O) DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 1.5% Dextrose 15 g 538 mg 448 mg 18.4 mg 5.08 mg DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 2.5% Dextrose 2.5 g 538 mg 448 mg 18.4 mg 5.08 mg DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 4.25% Dextrose 4.25 g 538 mg 448 mg 18.4 mg 5.08 mg Table 6 : DIANEAL Low Calcium Peritoneal Dialysis Solution Plastic container with blue twist-off tip for APD therapy Composition/100 mL *Dextrose, Hydrous, USP Sodium Chloride, USP (NaCl) Sodium Lactate (C3H5NaO3) Calcium Chloride, USP (CaCl2•2H2O) Magnesium Chloride, USP (MgCl2•6H2O) DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 1.5% Dextrose 15 g 538 mg 448 mg 18.3 mg 5.08 mg DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 2.5% Dextrose 2.5 g 538 mg 448 mg 18.3 mg 5.08 mg DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 1.5% Dextrose 15 g 538 mg 448 mg 18.3 mg 5.08 mg The plastic container is fabricated from polyvinyl chloride (PL 146 Plastic). Exposure to temperatures above 25°C/77°F during transport and storage will lead to minor losses in moisture content. Higher temperatures lead to greater losses. It is unlikely that these minor losses will lead to clinically significant changes within the expiration period. The amount of water that can permeate from inside the solution container into the overwrap is insufficient to affect the solution significantly. Solutions in contact with the plastic container can leach out certain of its chemical components in very small amounts within the expiration period, e.g. di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), up to 5 parts per million; however, the safety of the plastic has been confirmed in tests in animals according to USP biological tests for plastic containers as well as by cell culture toxicity studies.

INDICATIONS peritoneal dialysis solutions are indicated for patients in acute or chronic renal failure. DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Basic Dosing Information DIANEAL peritoneal dialysis solutions are intended for intraperitoneal administration only. Not for intravenous administration. Select mode of therapy, frequency of treatment, formulation, fill volume, duration of dwell, and length of dialysis based on the patient’s clinical condition, fluid, electrolyte and specific needs. The fill volume depends on body size, usually from 2.0 to 2.5 liters per 1.73m² for adults. DIANEAL is intended for use in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) or Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD). Refer to directions accompanying ancillary equipment for CAPD and APD system preparation. Product Selection To avoid the risk of severe dehydration and hypovolemia and to minimize the loss of protein, it is advisable to select the peritoneal dialysis solution with the lowest level of osmolarity consistent with the fluid removal requirements for that exchange. As the patient’s body weight becomes closer to the ideal dry weight, lowering the dextrose concentration of DIANEAL is recommended. DIANEAL 4.25% dextrose-containing solution has the highest osmolarity of the DIANEAL solutions and using it for all exchanges may cause dehydration [see Dosage Forms and Strengths]. Adding Medications If the resealable rubber plug on the medication port is missing or partly removed, do not use the product if medication is to be added. To add a medication: Put on mask. Clean and/or disinfect hands. Prepare medication port site using aseptic technique. Using a syringe with a 1-inch long, 25-to 19-gauge needle, puncture the medication port and inject additive. Reposition container with container ports up and evacuate medication port by squeezing and tapping it. Mix solution and additive thoroughly. Directions For Use Warming DIANEAL can be warmed to 37°C (98.6°F). Only dry heat should be used. For CAPD, it is best to warm solutions within the overwrap using a heating pad. Do not immerse DIANEAL in water for warming. Do not use a microwave oven to warm DIANEAL. To Open To open, tear the overwrap down at the slit and remove the solution container. Do not use sharp objects to remove the overwrap. Product Inspection Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. Do not use solutions that are cloudy, discolored, contain visible particulate matter, or show evidence of leakage. Some opacity of the plastic, due to moisture absorption during the sterilization process, may be observed. This does not affect the solution quality or safety and may often leave a slight amount of moisture within the overwrap. The opacity should diminish gradually. Inspect the bag connector to ensure the tip protector (pull ring, blue pull tip, or blue twist-off tip) is attached. Do not use if the tip protector is not attached to the connector. Inspect the DIANEAL container for signs of leakage and check for minute leaks by squeezing the container firmly. If the container has frangible(s), inspect that they are positioned correctly and are not broken. Do not use DIANEAL if the frangible(s) are broken or leaks are suspected as sterility may be impaired. For DIANEAL in ULTRABAG, inspect the tubing and drain container for presence of solution. Small droplets are acceptable, but if solution flows past the frangible prior to use, do not use and discard the units. CAPD Therapy Using ULTRABAG Containers Select appropriate formulation from Table 1. Put on mask. Clean and/or disinfect hands. Using aseptic technique; Uncoil tubing and drain bag, ensuring that the transfer set is closed. Break the connector (Y-set) frangible. Remove the tip protector from connector of solution container. Do not reuse the solution or container once the tip protector is removed. Immediately attach the solution container to patient connector (transfer set). Clamp solution line and then break frangible near solution bag. Hang solution container and place the drainage container below the level of the abdomen. Open transfer set to drain the solution from abdomen. If drainage cannot be established, contact your clinician. When drainage complete, close transfer set. Remove clamp from solution line and flush new solution to flow into the drainage container for 5 seconds to prime the line. Clamp drain line after flush complete. Open transfer set to fill. When fill complete, close transfer set. Disconnect ULTRABAG from transfer set and apply MINICAP. Upon completion of therapy, discard any unused portion. APD Therapy Using AMBU-FLEX Containers With Pull Rings Or Plastic Containers With Blue Pull Tips Select appropriate formulation from Table 1 or 2. Put on mask. Clean and/or disinfect hands. Using aseptic technique; Remove the tip protector from connector of solution container. Do not reuse the solution or container once the tip protector is removed. Immediately attach the solution container to an appropriate automated peritoneal dialysis set. Continue therapy as instructed in user manual or directions accompanying tubing sets for automated peritoneal dialysis. Upon completion of therapy, discard any unused portion. APD Therapy Using Plastic Containers With Blue Twist-Off Tips Select appropriate formulation from Table 3. Put on mask. Clean and/or disinfect hands. Using aseptic technique; Place and fasten blue outlet port clamp on solution bag administration port, between the blue connector and the solution container. Remove the blue twist-off tip from connector of solution container. Do not reuse the solution or container once the blue twist-off tip is removed. Immediately insert the spike of the automated peritoneal dialysis set into the solution bag port. Continue therapy as instructed in user manual or directions accompanying tubing sets for automated peritoneal dialysis. Upon completion of therapy, discard any unused portion. HOW SUPPLIED Dosage Forms And Strengths DIANEAL is formulated with the following ionic concentrations: Table 1 : DIANEAL PD-2 and Low Calcium Peritoneal Dialysis Solution ULTRABAG CONTAINER for CAPD therapy AMBU-FLEX CONTAINER with pull ring for APD therapy OSMOLARITY (mOsmol/L) (calc) pH Ionic Concentration (mEq/L) Sodium Calcium Magnesium Chloride Lactate DIANEAL PD-2 1.5% Dextrose 346 5.2 (4.0 to 6.5) 132 3.5 0.5 96 40 DIANEAL PD-2 2.5% Dextrose 396 5.2 (4.0 to 6.5) 132 3.5 0.5 96 40 DIANEAL PD-2 4.25% Dextrose 485 5.2 (4.0 to 6.5) 132 3.5 0.5 96 40 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 1.5% Dextrose 344 5.2 (4.0 to 6.5) 132 2.5 0.5 95 40 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 2.5% Dextrose 395 5.2 (4.0 to 6.5) 132 2.5 0.5 95 40 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 4.25% Dextrose 483 5.2 (4.0 to 6.5) 132 2.5 0.5 95 40 Table 2 : DIANEAL Low Calcium Peritoneal Dialysis Solution Plastic container with blue pull tip for APD therapy OSMOLARITY (mOsmol/L) (calc) pH Ionic Concentration (mEq/L) Sodium Calcium Magnesium Chloride Lactate DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 1.5% Dextrose 344 5.0 to 6.5 132 2.5 0.5 95 40 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 2.5% Dextrose 395 5.0 to 6.5 132 2.5 0.5 95 40 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 4.25% Dextrose 483 5.0 to 6.5 132 2.5 0.5 95 40 Table 3 : DIANEAL Low Calcium Peritoneal Dialysis Solution Plastic container with blue twist-off tip for APD therapy OSMOLARITY (mOsmol/L) (calc) pH Ionic Concentration (mEq/L) Sodium Calcium Magnesium Chloride Lactate DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 1.5% Dextrose 344 5.0 to 5.6 132 2.5 0.5 95 40 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) 2.5% Dextrose 395 5.0 to 5.6 132 2.5 0.5 95 40 Storage And Handling DIANEAL peritoneal dialysis solutions are available in the following single-dose containers and fill volumes as shown in Tables 7-8: Table 7 : DIANEAL Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions for CAPD therapy Container Fill Volume (mL) Container Size (mL) Product Code NDC ULTRABAG DIANEAL PD-2 Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 1.5% Dextrose 2000 2000 5B9866 0941-0426-52 2500 3000 5B9868 0941-0426-53 3000 5000 5B9857 0941-0426-55 DIANEAL PD-2 Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 2.5% Dextrose 2000 2000 5B9876 0941-0427-52 2500 3000 5B9878 0941-0427-53 3000 5000 5B9858 0941-0427-55 DIANEAL PD-2 Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 4.25% Dextrose 2000 2000 5B9896 0941-0429-52 2500 3000 5B9898 0941-0429-53 3000 5000 5B9859 0941-0429-55 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 1.5% Dextrose 1500 2000 5B9765 0941-0424-51 2000 2000 5B9766 0941-0424-52 2500 3000 5B9768 0941-0424-53 3000 5000 5B9757 0941-0424-55 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 2.5% Dextrose 1500 2000 5B9775 0941-0430-51 2000 2000 5B9776 0941-0430-52 2500 3000 5B9778 0941-0430-53 3000 5000 5B9758 0941-0430-55 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 4.25% Dextrose 1500 2000 5B9795 0941-0433-51 2000 2000 5B9796 0941-0433-52 2500 3000 5B9798 0941-0433-53 3000 5000 5B9759 0941-0433-55 Table 8 : DIANEAL Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions for APD therapy Container Fill Volume (mL) Container Size (mL) Product Code NDC AMBU-FLEX CONTAINER with pull ring DIANEAL PD-2 Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 1.5% Dextrose 1000 1000 L5B5163 0941-0411-05 2000 3000 L5B5166 0941-0411-06 3000 3000 L5B5169 0941-0411-04 5000 6000 L5B5193 0941-0411-07 6000 6000 L5B9710 0941-0411-11 DIANEAL PD-2 Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 2.5% Dextrose 1000 1000 L5B5173 0941-0413-05 2000 3000 L5B5177 0941-0413-06 3000 3000 L5B5179 0941-0413-04 5000 6000 L5B5194 0941-0413-07 6000 6000 L5B9711 0941-0413-01 DIANEAL PD-2 Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 4.25% Dextrose 1000 1000 L5B5183 0941-0415-05 2000 3000 L5B5187 0941-0415-06 3000 3000 L5B5189 0941-0415-04 5000 6000 L5B5195 0941-0415-07 6000 6000 L5B9712 0941-0415-01 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 1.5% Dextrose 2000 3000 L5B4825 0941-0409-06 3000 3000 L5B9901 0941-0409-05 5000 6000 L5B4826 0941-0409-07 6000 6000 L5B9770 0941-0409-01 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 2.5% Dextrose 2000 3000 L5B9727 0941-0457-08 3000 3000 L5B9902 0941-0457-02 5000 6000 L5B5202 0941-0457-05 6000 6000 L5B9771 0941-0457-01 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 4.25% Dextrose 2000 3000 L5B9747 0941-0459-08 3000 3000 L5B9903 0941-0459-02 5000 6000 L5B5203 0941-0459-05 6000 6000 L5B9772 0941-0459-01 Plastic container with blue pull tip DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 1.5% Dextrose 5000 5000 EZPB5245R 0941-0484-01 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 2.5% Dextrose 5000 5000 EZPB5255R 0941-0487-01 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 4.25% Dextrose 5000 5000 EZPB5265R 0941-0490-01 Plastic container with blue twist-off tip DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 1.5% Dextrose 6000 6000 VBB4928US 0941-0472-01 DIANEAL Low Calcium (2.5 mEq/L) Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with 2.5% Dextrose 6000 6000 VBB4931US 0941-0475-01 All DIANEAL peritoneal dialysis solutions have overfills which are declared on container labeling. Freezing of solution may occur at temperatures below 0°C (32°F). Allow to thaw naturally in ambient conditions and thoroughly mix contents by shaking. Exposure of pharmaceutical products to heat should be minimized. Avoid excessive heat. It is recommended the product be stored at room temperature (25°C/77°F): brief exposure up to 40°C (104°F) does not adversely affect the product. Store in moisture barrier overwrap and in carton until ready to use. Baxter Healthcare Corporation Deerfield, IL 60015 USA. Revised: Aug 2016

PATIENT INFORMATION Inspection Advise patients to inspect DIANEAL before use, and not to use if the solution is cloudy, discolored, contains particulate matter or if there is evidence of leakage. Administration Advise patients on proper administration and the importance of using aseptic technique throughout the entire PD procedure. Advise patients only to use dry heat to warm solution to about 37°C (98°F) and not to microwave or submerge in water. Peritonitis Advise patients to seek medical attention if they experience signs or symptoms of peritonitis.

OVERDOSE There is a potential for overdose resulting in hypervolemia, hypovolemia, electrolyte disturbances or hyperglycemia. Excessive use of DIANEAL peritoneal dialysis solution with 4.25% dextrose during a peritoneal dialysis treatment can result in significant removal of water from the patient. CONTRAINDICATIONS DIANEAL is contraindicated in patients with severe lactic acidosis.

SIDE EFFECTS The following adverse reactions are discussed elsewhere in the label: Peritonitis and Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS] Electrolyte and Fluid Imbalances [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS] Clinical Trials Experience There are no data available on adverse reactions from controlled clinical trials conducted to evaluate the safety of DIANEAL. Post-Marketing Experience The following adverse experiences have been identified during post-approval use of DIANEAL or in conjunction with performing the peritoneal dialysis procedure. Because these experiences are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship during drug exposure. Most of these adverse experiences are believed to be consequences of peritoneal dialysis. Infections And Infestations: Fungal peritonitis, Peritonitis bacterial, Catheter related infection Metabolism And Nutrition Disorders: Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia, Fluid retention, Hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, Dehydration, Hypochloremia Vascular Disorders: Hypotension, Hypertension Respiratory, Thoracic, And Mediastinal Disorders: Dyspnea Gastrointestinal Disorders: Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis, Peritonitis, Peritoneal cloudy effluent, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Nausea, Constipation, Abdominal pain, Abdominal distension, Abdominal discomfort Skin And Subcutaneous Disorders: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Urticaria, Rash, (including pruritic, erythematous and generalized), Pruritus Musculoskeletal, Connective Tissue Disorders: Myalgia, Muscle spasms, Musculoskeletal pain General Disorders And Administration Site Conditions: Generalized edema, Pyrexia, Malaise, Infusion site pain, Catheter related complication DRUG INTERACTIONS As with other dialysis solutions, blood concentrations of dialyzable drugs may be reduced by dialysis. Dosage adjustment of concomitant medications may be necessary. Diabetic patients may require dosage adjustments of insulin or other treatments for hyperglycemia [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

WARNINGS Included as part of the PRECAUTIONS section. PRECAUTIONS Peritonitis And Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis Peritonitis has been associated with DIANEAL use. Following use, inspect the drained fluid for the presence of fibrin or cloudiness, which may indicate the presence of peritonitis. Improper clamping or priming sequence may result in infusion of air into the peritoneal cavity, which may result in abdominal pain and/or peritonitis. If peritonitis occurs, treat with appropriate therapy. Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis (EPS), sometimes fatal, is a complication of peritoneal dialysis therapy and has been reported in patients using DIANEAL Lactic Acidosis Monitor patients with conditions known to increase the risk of lactic acidosis [e.g., severe hypotension or sepsis that can be associated with acute renal failure, hepatic failure, inborn errors of metabolism, and treatment with drugs such as nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)] before the start of treatment and during treatment with lactate-based peritoneal dialysis solutions. Use of DIANEAL in patients with severe lactic acidosis is contraindicated [see CONTRAINDICATIONS]. Overinfusion Overinfusion of peritoneal dialysis solution volume into the peritoneal cavity may be characterized by abdominal distention, feeling of fullness and/or shortness of breath. Drain the peritoneal dialysis solution from the peritoneal cavity to treat overinfusion. Electrolyte, Fluid, And Nutrition Imbalances Peritoneal dialysis may affect a patient’s protein, water-soluble vitamin, potassium, bicarbonate, calcium, and magnesium levels and volume status. Monitor hematology, electrolytes, blood chemistry and fluid status periodically and take appropriate clinical action. Potassium is omitted from DIANEAL solutions because dialysis may be performed to correct hyperkalemia. In situations where there is a normal serum potassium level or hypokalemia, addition of potassium chloride (up to a concentration of 4 mEq/L) to the solution may be necessary to prevent severe hypokalemia. Monitor fluid status to avoid hyper-or hypovolemia and potentially severe consequences including congestive heart failure, volume depletion and hypovolemic shock. Hyperglycemia DIANEAL contains dextrose and may increase the risk for hyperglycemia in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. Patients may require initiation or modification of antidiabetic therapy during treatment with DIANEAL. Monitor blood glucose. Use In Specific Populations Pregnancy DIANEAL is a pharmacologically inactive solution. While there are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women, appropriate administration of DIANEAL, with appropriate monitoring of hematology, electrolytes, blood chemistry and fluid status is not expected to cause fetal harm. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with DIANEAL dialysis solution. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively. Lactation The components of DIANEAL are excreted in human milk. Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness have been established based on published clinical data. No adequate and well-controlled studies have been conducted with DIANEAL solutions in pediatric patients. Geriatric Use Safety and effectiveness have been established based on published clinical data.