About Erectile Dysfunction (Erectile Dysfunction (ED, Impotence))
Learn about the disease, illness and/or condition Erectile Dysfunction (Erectile Dysfunction (ED, Impotence)) including: symptoms, causes, treatments, contraindications and conditions at ClusterMed.info.
Erectile Dysfunction (Erectile Dysfunction (ED, Impotence))
Erectile Dysfunction (Erectile Dysfunction (ED, Impotence)) |
---|
Erectile Dysfunction (Erectile Dysfunction (ED, Impotence)) InformationAvanafil (Stendra)Avanafil is the most recently FDA-approved PDE5 inhibitor to treat erectile dysfunction.How effective is Avanafil?Avanafil has been demonstrated to be effective in treating ED in men of various ages and has been shown to be effective in men with ED related to diabetes mellitus.How should Avanafil be taken?The recommended starting dose is 100 mg taken as early as 15 minutes prior to sexual activity, no more than once a day. The maximum dose is 200 mg. Avanafil may be taken with or without food. As with the other PDE5 inhibitors, sexual stimulation is needed for avanafil to work.Cautions with use of Avanafil:If an individual is taking ketoconazole, erythromycin, or ritonavir, it is recommended that the maximum dose of avanafil 50 mg in 24 hours.Similarly, if you are taking an alpha-blocker for prostate symptoms, the recommended starting dose of avanafil is 50 mg.What are the side effects of Avanafil?Avanafil shares the common PDE5 inhibitor side effects, contraindications, and cautions. No changes in dose are need for men with mild or moderate kidney disease. It is not recommended in individuals with severe kidney disease or for those on kidney dialysis. It is also not recommended in individuals with severe liver disease. Erectile dysfunction (impotence) facts
Oral phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitorsWhat are oral phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors?The common PDE5 inhibitor drugs approved in the United States are sildenafil (Viagra), vardenafil (Levitra), tadalafil (Cialis), or avanafil (Stendra). All of the currently approved PDE5 inhibitors work in the same way. They differ in the number of available doses, how quickly they work and last in your system, the dosing, and to some extent in the side effects. However, they generally share the same indications and contraindications.How do oral phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors work?PDE5 inhibitors inhibit the function of PDE5, which is an enzyme that destroys a chemical cGMP. By inhibiting the destruction of cGMP by PDE5, these medications allow cGMP to build up in the penis. cGMP causes muscles in the corpora cavernosa of the penis to relax. When the muscle is relaxed, more blood can flow into the penis and fill the spaces in the penis. As the penis fills with blood, the veins in the penis are compressed, and this results a hard erection. When the effect on PDE5 decreases, the cGMP levels go down and the muscle in the penis contracts, causing less blood to flow into the penis and allowing the veins to open up and drain blood out of the penis.Who should not use oral phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors?PDE5 inhibitors should not be taken by some men. They can cause hypotension (abnormally low blood pressure that can lead to fainting and even shock) when given to patients who are taking nitrates (medications taken for heart disease). Therefore, patients taking nitrates daily should not take any of the PDE5 inhibitors. Nitrates are used most commonly to relieve angina (chest pain due to insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle because of narrowing of the coronary arteries); these include nitroglycerine tablets, patches, ointments, sprays, and pastes, as well as isosorbide dinitrate and isosorbide mononitrate. Other nitrates such as amyl nitrate and butyl nitrate also are found in some recreational drugs called "poppers."If you are taking medications (alpha-blockers) for problems with an enlarged prostate, you should discuss your prostate medications with your doctor. Alpha-blockers also can cause lowering of the blood pressure. Thus your doctor will need to carefully watch your blood pressure when you start the PDE5 inhibitor. Common alpha-blockers include doxazosin (Cardura), terazosin (Hytrin), and tamsulosin (Flomax).What are side effects of oral phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors?The various PDE5 inhibitors for the treatment of ED share several common side effects, including headache, flushing, nasal congestion, nausea, dyspepsia (stomach discomfort), and diarrhea. Differences exist in side effects of the different PDE5 inhibitors, and thus it is important to be familiar with the prescribing information of the PDE5 inhibitor you are prescribed.There have been rare reports of priapism (prolonged and painful erections lasting more than six hours) with the use of PDE5 inhibitors such as sildenafil, vardenafil, and tadalafil. Patients with blood cell diseases such as sickle cell anemia, leukemia, and multiple myeloma have higher than normal risks of developing priapism. Untreated priapism can cause injury to the penis and lead to permanent impotence. Therefore, if your erection lasts four hours, you should seek emergency medical care.Rare side effects of all PDE5 inhibitors include a sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes (nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy [NAION]) and sudden loss of hearing. These rare side effects have been reported with all of the PDE5 inhibitors. Seek immediate medical care if you develop loss of vision or hearing.The PDE5 inhibitors have not been tested in patients with retinitis pigmentosa, an eye condition that affects the retina and can cause blindness, and so caution is recommended if you have this health condition. Sildenafil (Viagra)What is sildenafil (Viagra)?Sildenafil (Viagra) was the first oral phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor approved by the FDA in the United States for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (it is not approved for women). Sildenafil inhibits PDE5, which is an enzyme that destroys cGMP. By inhibiting the destruction of cGMP by PDE5, sildenafil allows cGMP to accumulate. The cGMP in turn prolongs relaxation of the smooth muscle of the corpora cavernosa. Relaxation of the corpora cavernosa smooth muscle allows blood to flow into the penis resulting in increased engorgement of the penis. In short, sildenafil increases blood flow into the penis and decreases blood flow out of the penis.How effective is sildenafil (Viagra)?Sildenafil is used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction of either physical or psychological cause. It has been found to be effective in treating erectile dysfunction in men with coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, depression, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and men who are taking antidepressants and several classes of antihypertensives.In randomized controlled trials, an estimated 60% of men with diabetes, and 80% of men without diabetes experienced improved erections with sildenafil.How should sildenafil (Viagra) be administered?Sildenafil is available as oral tablets at doses of 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg. It should be taken approximately one hour before sexual activity. In some men, the onset of action of the drug may be as early as 11-20 minutes. Sildenafil should be taken on an empty stomach for best results since absorption and effectiveness of sildenafil can be diminished if it is taken shortly after a meal, particularly a meal that is high in fat. Sildenafil and the other PDE5 inhibitors don't cause an immediate erection. Sexual stimulation is needed for these medications to work.What is the dose of sildenafil (Viagra)?In prescribing sildenafil, a doctor considers the age, general health status, and other medication(s) the patient is taking. The usual starting dose for most men is 50 mg, however, the doctor may increase or decrease the dose depending on side effects and effectiveness. The maximum recommended dose is 100 mg every 24 hours. However, many men will need 100 mg of sildenafil for optimal effectiveness, and some doctors are recommending 100 mg as the starting dose.Metabolism (breakdown) of sildenafil is slowed by aging, liver and kidney problems, and concurrent use of certain medications (such as erythromycin [an antibiotic] and protease inhibitors for HIV). Slowed breakdown allows sildenafil to accumulate in the body and potentially may increase the risk of side effects. Therefore, in men over 65 years of age, in men with significant kidney and liver disease, and in men who also are taking medications called protease inhibitors, the doctor will initiate sildenafil at a lower dose (25 mg) to avoid accumulation of sildenafil in the body. A protease inhibitor ritonavir (Norvir) is especially potent in increasing the accumulation of sildenafil, thus men who are taking Norvir should not take sildenafil doses higher than 25 mg and at a frequency of no greater than once in 48 hours. Other medications that may affect the level of sildenafil include erythromycin and ketoconazole.What are the side effects of sildenafil (Viagra) that may be different than some of the other PDE5 inhibitors?Sildenafil (Viagra) may affect another phosphodiesterase enzyme in the eye causing transient abnormal vision (seeing a bluish hue or brightness). Surgery for erectile dysfunctionSurgery for erectile dysfunction may have the following as its goal:
Tadalafil (Cialis)What is tadalafil (Cialis)?Tadalafil (Cialis) is the third oral medicine approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Like sildenafil (Viagra) and vardenafil (Levitra), tadalafil inhibits PDE5 (as described earlier).How effective is tadalafil (Cialis)?Tadalafil has been shown to be effective in treating erectile dysfunction in men of all ages and has been shown to be effective in men with diabetes mellitus and erectile dysfunction after prostate cancer surgery. Studies demonstrated that tadalafil improved the ability to get a hard erection and to have the hard erection last long enough.How should tadalafil (Cialis) be administered?Tadalafil can be taken as needed as with sildenafil, vardenafil, and avanafil or once a day. It is the only ED oral medication that can be taken on a daily basis.The recommended starting dose of tadalafil for use as needed for most patients is 10 mg taken orally approximately one hour before sexual activity. The dose may be adjusted higher to 20 mg or lower to 5 mg depending on efficacy and side effects. It is recommended that you take tadalafil no more frequently than once per day. In some patients, tadalafil can be taken less frequently since the improvement in erectile function may last 36 hours. Tadalafil may be taken with or without food. Tadalafil is currently the only PDE5 inhibitor that is FDA-approved for daily use for erectile dysfunction and is available in 2.5 mg or 5 mg dosages for daily use.What are the side effects of tadalafil (Cialis)?Tadalafil shares the common side effects of the PDE5 inhibitors, however, due to its effect on PDE11, another phosphodiesterase located in muscle, tadalafil has been associated with muscle aches. Back pain and muscle aches occur in less than 7% of men taking tadalafil and in most patients will go away without treatment within 48 hours. When treatment was necessary, acetaminophen (Tylenol) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) or naproxen (Aleve) were effective. Rarely do the muscle aches and back pain cause men to stop using tadalafil.Who should not use tadalafil (Cialis)?Tadalafil should not be used in men taking nitrates as with the other PDE5 inhibitors.Tadalafil should not be used with alpha-blockers (except Flomax), medicines used to treat high blood pressure, and benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) because the combination of tadalafil and an alpha-blocker may lower the blood pressure greatly and lead to dizziness and fainting. Examples of alpha-blockers include tamsulosin (Flomax), terazosin (Hytrin), doxazosin (Cardura), alfuzosin (Uroxatral), and prazosin (Minipress). The only alpha-blocker that can be used safely with tadalafil is tamsulosin (Flomax). When tadalafil (20 mg) was given to healthy men taking 0.4 mg of Flomax daily, there was no significant decrease in blood pressure and so patients on this dose of tamsulosin (Flomax) can be prescribed tadalafil. The only alpha-blocker that has not been tested with tadalafil is alfuzosin (Uroxatral), and no recommendations can be made regarding the interaction between the two.As with vardenafil, Tadalafil is not recommended for men with the following conditions:
Vardenafil (Levitra)What is vardenafil (Levitra)?Vardenafil (Levitra) was the second oral medicine approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Like sildenafil (Viagra), vardenafil (Levitra) inhibits PDE5, which destroys cGMP (as discussed earlier).How effective is vardenafil (Levitra)?Vardenafil has been demonstrated to be effective in men of all ages, different nationalities, and in men with such medical conditions as diabetes mellitus and erectile dysfunction after prostate surgery.How should vardenafil (Levitra) be administered?The recommended starting dose of vardenafil is 10 mg taken orally approximately one hour before sexual activity. The dose may be adjusted higher or lower depending on efficacy and side effects. The maximum recommended dose is 20 mg, and the maximum recommended dosing frequency is no more than once per day. Vardenafil can be taken with or without food. As with sildenafil, for vardenafil to be effective, sexual stimulation must occur.What are the side effects of vardenafil (Levitra)?Vardenafil shares the same side effects as sildenafil but is not associated with the abnormal vision that may occur with sildenafil.Who should not use vardenafil (Levitra)?The same concerns regarding the use of sildenafil with nitrates and alpha-blockers apply to vardenafil.Men with a rare heart condition known as long QT syndrome should not take vardenafil since this may lead to abnormal heart rhythms. The QT interval is the time it takes for the heart's muscle to recover after it has contracted. The QT interval is measured with an electrocardiogram (EKG). Some people have longer than normal QT intervals, and they may develop potentially life-threatening abnormal heart rhythms, especially when given certain medications. Since long QT syndrome can be inherited, men with a family history of long QT syndrome should not take vardenafil. Furthermore, vardenafil is not recommended for men who are taking medications that can affect the QT interval such as quinidine (Quinaglute, Quinidex), procainamide (Pronestyl, Procan-SR, Procanbid), amiodarone (Cordarone), and sotalol (Betapace).There is insufficient information on the safety of vardenafil in men with the following health disorders:
Can a penis pump (vacuum device) help erectile dysfunction?Mechanical vacuum devices cause an erection by creating a vacuum around the penis that draws blood into the penis, engorging it, and expanding it. The devices have three components:
Can over-the-counter (OTC) and/or natural or home remedies treat erectile dysfunction?The U.S. FDA (Food and Drug Administration) has a list of 29 OTC products that claim to treat erectile dysfunction. These are recommended to be avoided because many contain harmful ingredients. Other natural or herbal remedies such as DHEA, L-arginine, ginseng, and yohimbe are supplements that have been used but have not been proven to be safe and effective according to some researchers. Before using such compounds, individuals should consult their doctor. Acupuncture, according to some experts, has not been definitively shown to effectively treat erectile dysfunction. Other home remedies for reducing ED symptoms include diet changes such as eating blueberries and citrus fruits and drinking red wine. How common is erectile dysfunction?Erectile dysfunction (ED, impotence) varies in severity; some cannot have an erection at all, whereas other men sometimes have troubles getting a hard erection, and others get a hard erection but it only lasts for a short period of time. Approximately 50% of men over the age of 40 have troubles with erectile dysfunction.While erectile dysfunction can occur at any age, the risk of developing erectile dysfunction increases with age. According to the Massachusetts Male Aging Study, the prevalence of erectile dysfunction was 52% in men 40-70 years of age. The prevalence of complete erectile dysfunction increases from 5% at 40 years of age to 15% among men 70 years of age and older. How do health-care professionals diagnose erectile dysfunction?Patient health historyA diagnosis of erectile dysfunction is made in men who complain of troubles having a hard enough erection or a hard erection that does not last long enough. It is important as you talk with your doctor that you be candid in terms of when your troubles started, how bothersome your erectile dysfunction is, how severe it is, and discuss all your medical conditions along with all prescribed and nonprescribed medications that you are taking. Your doctor will ask several questions to determine if your symptoms are suggestive of erectile dysfunction and to assess its severity and possible causes. Your doctor will try to get information to answer the following questions:
How does erection occur?Erections are neurovascular events, meaning that nerves and blood vessels (arteries and veins) are involved in the process of an erection and all must work properly to get a hard erection that lasts long enough. Erection begins with sexual stimulation. Sexual stimulation can be tactile (for example, by a partner touching the penis or by masturbation) or mental (for example, by having sexual fantasies, viewing porn). Sexual stimulation or sexual arousal causes the nerves going to the penis to release a chemical, nitric oxide. Nitric oxide increases the production of another chemical, cyclic GMP (cGMP), in the muscle of the corpora cavernosa. The cGMP causes the muscles of the corpora cavernosa to relax, and this allows more blood to flow into the penis. The incoming blood fills the corpora cavernosa, making the penis expand. How is erection sustained?As blood flows into the penis, the corpora cavernosa swell, and this swelling compresses the veins (blood vessels that drain the blood out of the penis) against the tunica albuginea. By compressing the veins, blood is prevented from leaving the penis. This creates a hard erection. When the amount of cGMP decreases by the action of a chemical called phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), the muscles in the penis tighten, and the blood flow into the penis decreases. With less blood coming into the penis, the veins will not be compressed and will drain blood out of the penis, and the erection goes down. Is it possible to prevent erectile dysfunction?Prevention of some of the causes that contribute to the development of erectile dysfunction can decrease the chances of developing the problem. For example, if a person decreases their chances of developing diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension, they will decrease their chances of developing erectile dysfunction. Other things like stopping smoking, eating a healthy diet (heart healthy with adequate vitamin intake), and exercising daily may also reduce a person's risk. What about psychological therapy for erectile dysfunction?Experts often treat psychologically based impotence using techniques that decrease anxiety associated with intercourse. The patient's partner can help apply the techniques, which include gradual development of intimacy and stimulation. Such techniques also can help relieve anxiety when physical impotence is being treated. If these simple behavioral methods at home are ineffective, referral to a sex counselor may be advised. What are erectile dysfunction risk factors?The common risk factors for ED include the following:
What are erectile dysfunction symptoms and signs?Signs and symptoms of erectile dysfunction may include the following:
What are erectile dysfunction treatments for men with cardiovascular disease?ED is often the result of atherosclerosis, and as a result, men with ED frequently have cardiovascular disease. Sexual activity is associated with increased physical exertion, which in some men may increase the risk of having a heart attack (myocardial infarction or MI). Thus, if you have ED and cardiovascular disease (for example, angina or prior heart attack), you should discuss whether or not treatment of ED and sexual activity are appropriate for you. What are intracavernosal injections?Medications can be injected directly into the corpora cavernosa to help attain and maintain erections. Medications such as papaverine hydrochloride, phentolamine, and prostaglandin E1 (alprostadil) can be used alone or in combinations to attain erections. All of these medications are vasodilators and work by increasing blood flow into the penis. Prostaglandin E1 (Caverject, Edex) is easier to obtain; however, it is associated with penile pain in some individuals. The use of combinations of two or three of these medications can decrease the risk of having penile pain.Risks associated with injection therapy including bleeding, pain with injection, penile pain, priapism, and corporal fibrosis (scarring inside of the corpora cavernosa). There is also concern that repetitive injections in the same area could cause scar tissue to build up in the tunica albuginea that could create penile curvature. Thus, it is recommended that one alternate sides with injection and perform injections no more frequent than every other day.If you are on a blood thinner, you must be careful. After injection, pressure should be applied to the site to minimize bleeding.It is recommended that one start with a low dose and increase in small doses until the dose that results in a rigid enough erection for completion of sexual activity is achieved. If one injects and there is an inadequate response, one should not reinject another dose of the medication at that time, due to the risk of priapism. What are intraurethral suppositories?Prostaglandin E1 (intraurethral alprostadil or MUSE) can be inserted in a pellet (suppository) form into the urethra to attain erections. It is available in four dosage strengths: 125 mcg, 250 mcg, 500 mcg, and 1,000 mcg. Most individuals need 500 mcg to 1,000 mcg for a satisfactory response.How does intraurethral prostaglandin E1 work?The prostaglandin E1 is contained in a small suppository located at the tip of an applicator. You should urinate first as this lubricates the urethra and makes it easier to insert the applicator into the tip of the urethra (urethral meatus, the opening at the tip of the penis that urine passes through). By gently wiggling the applicator and pressing the button at the end, the suppository is released into urethra. Rubbing the penis allows the suppository to dissolve, and the prostaglandin is absorbed through the tissue of the urethra into the penis. It takes 15 to 30 minutes for this occur. Once into the penis, the prostaglandin causes increased blood flow into the penis. The prostaglandin can be present in the ejaculate and thus it is recommended that a condom be used when used by men having intercourse with a pregnant partner. A condom may also be needed if vaginal irritation occurs in female partner.It is recommend that the first trial of intraurethral prostaglandin be performed in the doctor's office due to the risk of hypotension with this medication.Who should not use intraurethral prostaglandin E1?Use of intraurethral prostaglandin E1 is not recommended in men with a known hypersensitivity to alprostadil.Alprostadil should not be used in men with urethral stricture (scarring and narrowing of the tube that urine and the ejaculate pass through), balanitis (inflammation/infection of the glans [tip] of the penis, severe hypospadias (a condition where the opening of the urethra is not at the tip of the penis, rather on the underside of the penis), penile curvature (abnormal bend to the penis), and urethritis (inflammation/infection of the urethra).Alprostadil should not be used in men at higher risk for priapism (erection lasting longer than six hours) including men with sickle cell anemia, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), polycythemia (increased red blood cell count), multiple myeloma (a cancer of the white blood cells), and is contraindicated in men prone to venous thrombosis (blood clots in the veins) or hyperviscosity syndrome who are at increased risk for priapism.How effective is alprostadil?Success rates up to 65% have been reported with intraurethral alprostadil.What are side effects of intraurethral alprostadil?Side effects of intraurethral alprostadil include pain in the penis and sometimes in the testicles, mild urethral bleeding, dizziness, and vaginal itching in the sex partner. Syncopal (fainting) episodes are rarely reported with initial use, and thus the first trial of this medication should be performed in the physician's office. What causes erectile dysfunction?
What drugs treat erectile dysfunction?Medications for erectile dysfunction include the following:
What is erectile dysfunction (ED)?Erectile dysfunction (ED), also known as impotence, is the inability to achieve or sustain a hard enough erection for satisfactory completion of sexual activity. Erectile dysfunction is different from other health conditions that interfere with male sexual function, such as lack of sexual desire (decreased libido) and problems with ejaculation release of the fluid from the penis (ejaculatory dysfunction) and orgasm/climax (orgasmic dysfunction), and penile curvature (Peyronie's disease), although these problems may also be present. ED affects about 50% of men age 40 and over. This article focuses on the evaluation and treatment of erectile dysfunction. What is normal penis anatomy?The penis contains two cylinders, called the corpora cavernosa, which are on the top of the penis (see figure 1 below). These two cylinders are involved in erections. The urethra, the tube that the urine and ejaculate passes through, runs along the underside of the penis and is surrounded by tissue known as the corpus spongiosum. The corpora cavernosa are made up of spongy tissue that has muscles, fibrous tissues, veins, and arteries within it. The inside of the corpora cavernosa is like a sponge, with potential spaces that can fill with blood and distend. A layer of tissue that is like Saran Wrap, called the tunica albuginea, surrounds the corpora. Veins located just under the tunica albuginea drain blood out of the penis. What is the prognosis for erectile dysfunction?Currently, there are no therapies that cure erectile dysfunction. However, a number of effective therapies are available that allow an individual to have an erection when desired. Depending on the cause of the erectile dysfunction, certain therapies may be more effective than others. Although there is limited data on lifestyle modification, intuitively, decreasing risk factors for erectile dysfunction may help prevent progression of disease. What is the role of testosterone therapy in the treatment of erectile dysfunction?In patients with low testosterone, testosterone treatment can improve libido and erectile dysfunction, but many men still may need additional oral medications such as sildenafil, vardenafil, or tadalafil. Some studies suggest that men with ED and low testosterone may respond better to PDE5 inhibitors when given testosterone therapy; however, this is controversial.The use of testosterone therapy in men with ED without hypogonadism (a low testosterone level and symptoms related to this) is not recommended.Prior to starting testosterone therapy, it is important that you are evaluated thoroughly.Evaluation should include a breast examination, rectal examination of the prostate, and a PSA level (prostate specific antigen) blood test. Patients who have breast and prostate cancers or are suspected of having them should not use testosterone.Testosterone therapy should be continued only if there is improvement in the symptoms of hypogonadism and should be monitored regularly. You will need periodic blood tests for testosterone levels and blood tests to monitor your blood count and PSA. Testosterone therapy has health risks, and thus its use should be closely monitored. Testosterone therapy can worsen sleep apnea and congestive heart failure.A variety of testosterone therapies are available, including oral, topical (gel, spray, patch), intramuscular, and pellets. The advantages and disadvantages of each of these should be reviewed with your physician as well as the health risks and benefits of testosterone therapy.Certain medications can alter testicular function, including some diuretics (water pills), some seizure medications, long-acting oral opiate pain medications, antipsychotic medications, and oral steroids. What is the treatment for erectile dysfunction?
What research is being done for erectile dysfunction?Combination therapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction has been under investigation. Most of these studies have been small trials, and long-term data regarding their effectiveness and safety are lacking. However, with thorough evaluation and counseling, there may be a use for combination therapy for certain individuals with ED.Melanocortin receptor agonists are a new set of medications being developed in the field of erectile dysfunction. Their action is on the nervous system rather than the vascular system. PT-141 is a nasal preparation that appears to be effective alone or in combination with PDE5 inhibitors. The main side effects include flushing and nausea. These drugs are currently not approved for commercial use.Research in stem cell therapy and gene therapy for erectile dysfunction is also ongoing. |
More Diseases
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
Diseases & Illnesses Definitions Of The Day
- CMV (Cytomegalovirus (CMV)) ‐ Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection facts, How do physicians diagnose cytomegalovirus infection? …
- Shigella Infection ‐ Can there be any complications from Shigella infections?, How can I reduce my risk of getting shigellosis? …
- Genital Herpes in Women Overview ‐ Are home remedies or natural treatments effective for genital herpes? …
- Silent Stroke (Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA, Mini-Stroke)) ‐ How is transient ischemic attack (TIA) diagnosed?, Transient ischemic attack (TIA) facts …
- Tension Headache ‐ Can tension headaches be prevented?, Home remedies and cures for tension headaches …
- Strep Infections (Streptococcal Infections) ‐ Are group A strep infections contagious?, Group A streptococcal infections facts …
- Aneurysm of Belly (Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm) ‐ Abdominal aortic aneurysm definition and facts, How are abdominal aortic aneurysms diagnosed? …
- Bioterrorism Anthrax (Anthrax) ‐ Anthrax facts, How common is anthrax? What are risk factors for anthrax infection? …
- Breast Cancer Prevention ‐ Are there other breast cancer prevention measures?, Breast Cancer Prevention Tips …
- Anemia ‐